Clinical Physiology of Circulation

ISSN 1814-6910 (Print)
ISSN 2410-9134 (Online)

 

Chief Editor

Leo A. Bockeria, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, President of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery


Issue's catalogue ➤ КФК. 2025; 22 (2): 115-198 ➤ Прикладные аспекты магнитно-резонансной и ультразвуковой диагностики внутричерепного венозного застоя при нарушениях экстракраниального венозного кровотока

Applied aspects of magnetic resonance and ultrasound diagnostics of intracranial venous congestion in extracranial venous blood flow disorders

Authors: Bondarchuk D.V.1 2, Semenov S.E.1, Malkov I.N.3, Shatokhina M.G.4

Company:
1 Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
2Scientific and Practical Clinical Center for Diagnostics and Telemedicine of the Moscow Department of Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
3 Kuzbass Regional Clinical Hospital n.a. S.V. Belyaev, Kemerovo, Russian Federation
4 The Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

E-mail: Сведения доступны для зарегистрированных пользователей.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24022/1814-6910-2025-22-2-177-192

UDC: 616.831-005-073.43

Link: Clinical Physiology of Blood Circulaiton. 2025; 22 (2): 177-192

Quote as: Bondarchuk D.V., Semenov S.E., Malkov I.N., Shatokhina M.G. Applied aspects of magnetic resonance and ultrasound diagnostics of intracranial venous congestion in extracranial venous blood flow disorders. Clinical Physiology of Circulation. 2025; 22 (2): 177–192 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.24022/1814-6910-2025-22-2-177-192

Keywords:  cerebral venous congestion intracranial hypertension internal jugular veins venous outflow stenosis hypoplasia

Received / Accepted:  19.05.2025 / 30.05.2025

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Abstract

The purpose of the study was to determine significant indicator parameters of remodeling and hemodynamics of the jugular and extrajugular collectors of venous blood from the brain in non-thrombotic obstruction and hypoplasia using non-invasive radiological diagnostic methods (MR venography and ultrasound scanning).

Material and methods. The study included data from 114 people (50 with external compression stenosis, 27 with hypoplasia, 6 after ligation/removal of the internal jugular veins (IJV) on one side and 31 in the control group). The clinical condition was assessed as the sum of syndromes of idiopathic (isolated) intracranial hypertension (cephalgia, focal neurological deficit, epileptic syndrome, vestibulopathic syndrome, asthenic syndrome). All patients and healthy volunteers underwent an ultrasound examination of the IJV at the J2 level and at the level of stenosis, the common carotid artery and vertebral artery (at the V2 level), as well as MR venography of the neck veins and lateral dural sinuses.

Results. Compensation for the outflow of blood from the brain with external compression stenosis or hypoplasia of one internal jugular vein occurs by expansion of the opposite IJV, as well as the vertebral veins and plexuses to a limited extent for 2 months, after which clinical manifestations of intracranial congestive hypertension develop (cerebral venous dystonia and venous encephalopathy). The threshold value of the venous-arterial balance (VAB), as an indicator of the contribution of IJV to outflow of blood from the brain for development of clinical manifestations of intracranial hypertension of a venous nature, is determined at the level of 40%. The VAB calculator has been developed for mobile phone: “Web application for calculating cerebral venous-arterial balance (VAB) of blood flow at the extracranial level” (in Telegram at the link https://t.me/VABCalculatorBot).

Conclusion. With a total VAP <40%, “Venous congestion” is diagnosed with clinical manifestations of intracranial venous hypertension. With a total VAP in the range from 40% to 59%, “Risk of venous congestion” is diagnosed, which may or may not manifest clinically with sufficient positive remodeling of the venous vessels of the neck.

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  1. Semenov S.E., Bondarchuk D.V., Kokov A.N., Shatokhina M.G. Indicators of non-thrombotic disorders of cerebral venous drainage in extracranial veins. Siberian Scientific Medical Journal. 2024; 44 (1): 76–87 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.18699/SSMJ20240108
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About Authors

  • Dmitrij V. Bondarchuk, Radiologist; ORCID
  • Stanislav E. Semenov, Dr. Med. Sci., Leading Researcher; ORCID
  • Ivan N. Malkov, Radiologist; ORCID
  • Mariya G. Shatokhina, Cand. Med. Sci., Assistant Professor; ORCID

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