Clinical Physiology of Circulation

Chief Editor

Leo A. Bockeria, MD, PhD, DSc, Professor, Academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, President of Bakoulev National Medical Research Center for Cardiovascular Surgery


Right ventricular failure in the near postoperative period in patients undergoingintervention on heart under artificial circulation

Authors: L.A. Bockeria 1 , E.S. Nikitin 1 , U.R. Ernazarov 1 , M.M. Titov 1 , I.M. Makrushin 2 , S.L. Gordeev 1 , O.V. Kiseleva 1 , E.A. Lebedeva 1

Company:
1 A.N. Bakoulev Scientific Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Ministry of Health of the Russia, Rublevskoe shosse, 135, Moscow, 121552, Russian Federation;
2 N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the RF, ul. Ostrovityanova, 1, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation

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UDC: 616.124.3-008.64-08:616.12-089.168.1-06

Link: Clinical Physiology of Blood Circulaiton. 2016; 13 (4): 211-218

Quote as: Bockeria L.A., Nikitin E.S., Ernazarov U.R., Titov M.M., Makrushin I.M., Gordeev S.L., Kiseleva O.V., Lebedeva E.A. Right ventricular failure in the near postoperative period in patients undergoing intervention on heart under artificial circulation. Klinicheskaya Fiziologiya Krovoobrashcheniya (Clinical Physiology of Circulation, Russian journal). 2016; 13 (4): 211–8 (in Russ.).

Received / Accepted:  19.09.2016/13.10.2016

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Abstract

Objective – the study of the values of the indicator wedge pressure in the pulmonary artery (WPPA) (Prepared on the basis of Svan–Ganz catheter) in the verification of right ventricular failure in the immediate postoperative period in patients undergoing heart intervention under extracorporeal circulation.

Material and methods. The basis of this research compose the materials of clinical observations of 17 patients conducted in the immediate postoperative period in patients, underwent surgery on open heart due to valve pathology over the period from 2009 to 2014. All 17 patients in the immediate postoperative period suffered from severe right ventricular failure. The average age of the patients was 60.18 ± 2.0 years, the average growth was 167.9 ± 1.2 cm, the average weight of 71.06 ± 2.0 kg. Women were 12, men – 5. To all patients to determine central hemodynamics was established Svan–Ganz catheter. On ultrasound determined violation of the interventricular septum movement (IVS), end-diastolic volume of the left ventricle (EDV LV), end-systolic volume of the left ventricle (ESV LV), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), stroke volume (SV). To compensate for right heart failure has been adjusted intravenous infusion of noradrenaline. During the research 6 measurements, reflecting the parameters of central hemodynamics and the changes in the movement of the IVS, were performed.

Results. Central venous pressure (CVP) of 1–3 measurements (while selection of adequate doses of noradrenaline to compensate for right heart failure) has its maximum value 19.6 ± 0.5 mm Hg. WPPA in these dimensions has a maximum value 25.2 ± 1.2 mm Hg. In these measurements was a decrease of EDV LV from 106 ± 7.6 to 78.5 ± 3.2 ml and LV EF > 55%, the total peripheral resistance (TPR) 600–700 dyne/sec/cm-5, when cardiac index of 2.98 to 3.54 l/min/m2. At 4–6 the measurements the reduction in the dose of norepinephrine is marked from 0.3 ± 0.02 to 0.07 ± 0.01 mcg/kg/min, related to the recovery, as the contractility of the right ventricle, and also as the restoration of adequate movement IVS. Against this background, there is a decrease in CVP, EDV LV increase to baseline (110 ± 4.3 ml) with LV EF 55–56%, recorded the TPR growth 917–1016 dyn/sec/cm-5. WPPA reduced and in 6 measurings at CVP 9.76 ± 0.3 corresponds 12.29 ± 0.36 mm Hg.

Conclusion. Use of noradrenaline with right ventricular failure allows to establish the right ventricle perfusion, both systole and diastole, due to the increasing pressure in aorta and decreasing of CVP. Noradrenalin infusion reduces the pressure in the right ventricle and right atrium, which promotes good venous outflow by right ventricular system. All this eventually leads to increased contractility of the right ventricle, ventricular septal motion recovery. Indicator WPPA in case of severe right ventricular failure does not reflect the preload of the left ventricle of the heart. Compensation (resolution) of right ventricular failure should be determined by increasing of EDV LV to proper (basis) of its value (while maintaining its EF), thus increasing the SV and reducing CVP, relying on TPR values.

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